Community research and demonstration programmes for cardiovascular dis
ease prevention have been developed and implemented to test the feasib
ility of increasing health-promoting behaviours over and above changes
which occur in similar communities without specific interventions. Th
e involvement of whole communities recognises that communication leadi
ng to learning flows through natural social networks, i.e., diffusion
theory. The principles of social marketing are also applied, recognisi
ng the needs of different consumer groups and planning campaigns accor
dingly. Effective communication considers attitudes, knowledge and ski
lls of the target audience. Messages are designed to move the group fo
rward in the behaviour change process. Communication channels include
mass media, education materials, community-based classes, etc., as app
ropriate to the messages which the sender wishes to convey.