The recently proposed population analysis of pair densities is applied
to the investigation of molecular structure of several simple molecul
es. The values of pairon populations straightforwardly reproduce the c
lassical structural formula including the multiplicity of the bonds an
d provide thus the so far missing link between quantum chemical and Le
wis's classical picture of bonding. As demonstrated, the formalism of
the proposed approach provides strong theoretical evidence for the fre
quently expected but so far elusive role of electron pairing in chemic
al bonding.