Strong stimulation of parallel fibers (PFs) leads to localized calcium
influx and a long-term depression (LTD) of PF responses at the site o
f stimulation. These same stimuli also induce depression at spatially
distant synapses to the same cell that is mediated by the diffusible m
essenger nitric oxide (NO). The demonstration of two distinct forms of
LTD provide an explanation for the absence of the NO/cGMP pathway in
cultured cells.