M. Desaix et al., VARIATIONAL APPROACH TO THE ZAKHAROV-SHABAT SCATTERING PROBLEM, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 50(3), 1994, pp. 2253-2256
It is shown that the Zakharov-Shabat scattering problem associated wit
h the inverse scattering transform technique for solving the nonlinear
Schrodinger equation call be reformulated as a variational problem. T
his reformulation makes it possible to use direct variational methods
for, finding the eigenvalues of the scattering problem, which determin
es the speed and amplitude of the solitons emerging from a given initi
al condition. The approach is illustrated by an application to sech-sh
aped initial conditions.