CHEMICAL-POTENTIALS AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE-TRANSITIONS IN ELECTROWEAK THEORY

The phenomena of electroweak phase transitions in the early universe d epend crucially on the inclusion of the charge corresponding to the sp ontaneously broken symmetry, which is usually taken as classically con served. This paper is devoted to the study of the electroweak phase tr ansitions at high temperatures and, correspondingly, to the controvers y in the literature concerning the question of the inclusion of the we ak neutral charge in the standard model, for the investigation of the phase transitions of W-boson condensation and symmetry restoration in the early universe. Several arguments, general and perturbative, are g iven against the introduction of the weak neutral charge conservation in the nonsymmetric phase. As a consequence of the above, the W-conden sation should occur even at low lepton densities and the symmetry rest oration critical curve is independent of the lepton density. The use o f different gauges such as the renormalizable and the unitary ones is also discussed.