ENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUES IN NEUROSURGERY

Endoscopic techniques have been utilized in neurosurgery for nearly a century. The history of application of these techniques is reviewed. B ecause of recent improvements in optics, microinstrumentation, and oth er associated technologies endoscopy has begun to have an impact on ne urosurgery. Documented uses of these techniques are reviewed. Greater experience with the techniques, along with continued improvements in t he technology, has the potential to result in broadened applications. These procedures can be performed quickly, safely, and effectively, an d in selected applications may reduce tissue trauma, risks associated with surgery, hospital stays, and costs. Neuroendoscopy presents excit ing possibilities for the future.