TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR BETA-S AND WOUND-HEALING

The Transforming Growth Factor beta superfamily (TGF beta) is one of t he most complex groups of cytokine with widespread effects on many asp ects of growth and development. The TGF beta isoforms and other family members, e.g. Activins and BMPs, have diverse effects in similar phys iological situations. TGF beta is involved in the wound healing proces s. The three mammalian isoforms (TGF beta 1, 2 and 3) and recently oth er family members, e.g. Activin, have been localised in healing wounds . Manipulation of the ratios of TGF beta superfamily members, particul arly the ratio of TGF beta 1 relative to TGF beta 3, reduces scarring and fibrosis. Such manipulations include reducing the levels of TGF be ta 1/TGF beta 2 using neutralising antibodies or preventing the activa tion of TGF beta s. In chronic or impaired wounds the exogenous additi on of TGF beta superfamily members accelerates aspects of the healing process. This review summarises evidence for the role of TGF beta supe rfamily members in wound healing and how modulation of TGF beta levels can prevent scarring and fibrosis. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.