VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETICS IN THAILAND

Ten hospitals participated in a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of vascular complications in noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The patients were 1433 females and 627 males, aged 24-88 years (mean +/- S.D. = 58.0 +/- 9.9). Duration of diabetes varie d from newly diagnosed to 42 years (mean +/- S.D. = 8.2 +/- 6.5). Obes ity was noted in 16.9% of males and 27.4% of females. The prevalence o f hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), hemiplegia, absent dorsali s pedis pulse, gangrene and amputation were 38.4, 2.8, 3.7, 5.8, 0.3 a nd 1.3%, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was found in 32.1% of the patients. Proteinuria of greater than or equal to 2+ was observed in 18.7% of the patients. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analy sis revealed that hypertension was significantly and independently cor related with MI, hemiplegia and DR but not with proteinuria or absent dorsalis pedis pulse. DR and proteinuria had a strong correlation with each other. Age of the patients weakly correlated with macrovascular diseases. Diabetic control and duration showed a weak correlation with microvascular complications. This study showed that DR was frequently found in Thai NIDDM. Hypertension was not only the commonest disorder but it also showed an independent association with other vascular com plications. Early detection and intervention for both need to be empha sized and re-enforced in clinical practice.