Inbreeding is known to lead to decreased survival and reproduction in
captive populations of animals. It is also important to know whether i
nbreeding has deleterious effects in natural habitats. An estimate was
made of the effects of inbreeding in white-footed mice, Peromyscus le
ucopus noveboracensis, derived from a wild population. This study demo
nstrates that inbreeding had a significant detrimental effect on the s
urvivorship of mice reintroduced into a natural habitat. This effect w
as more severe than the effect observed in laboratory studies of the p
opulation.