The sepsis syndrome has been revealed to be incredibly complex, involv
ing many mediators that we just now are starting to appreciate. Future
clinical trials of new sepsis-related therapeutic products may need t
o consider other endpoints in addition to mortality. Also, better iden
tification of the subset of patients likely to benefit from these prod
ucts is necessary, as are rapid diagnostic assays for endotoxin, tumor
necrosis factor, and various cytokines.