Dj. Mceneaney et al., USE OF THE GASTROESOPHAGEAL ROUTE FOR THE RAPID ESTABLISHMENT OF VENTRICULAR PACING, International journal of cardiology, 46(3), 1994, pp. 275-278
A novel approach to emergency ventricular pacing has been developed us
ing a gastro-esophageal electrode. The polythene electrode was passed
into the stomach, after which the electrode tip was positioned in the
gastric fundus. Ventricular pacing was performed using a cathode mount
ed on the electrode tip; the indifferent electrode (anode) was either
a chest pad or a proximal ring electrode. Ventricular capture was easi
ly achieved in three emergency cases of severe bradyarrhythmia.