We used data from the National Survey of Families and Households to in
vestigate economic resources and parental behavior explanations for fa
mily structure effects on children. The economic explanation received
considerable support in terms of single-mother disadvantage and accoun
ted for a smaller proportion of disadvantage associated with mother-pa
rtner families. Parental behaviors, particularly maternal and paternal
support, accounted for much smaller proportions of disadvantages foun
d in mother-stepfather as well as mother-partner families. Parental be
haviors did not appear to mediate any of the economic resource effects
on children.