We quantified the relative simplicity of frequency ratios and reanalyz
ed data from several studies on the perception of simultaneous and seq
uential tones. Simplicity of frequency ratios accounted for judgments
of consonance and dissonance and for judgments of similarity across a
wide range of tasks and listeners. It also accounted for the relative
ease of discriminating tone patterns by musically experienced and inex
perienced listeners. These findings confirm the generality of previous
suggestions of perceptual processing advantages for pairs of tones re
lated by simple frequency ratios.