American support for the death penalty has steadily increased since 19
66, when opponents outnumbered supporters, and now in the mid-1990s is
at a near record high. Research over the last 20 years has tended to
confirm the hypothesis that most people's death penalty attitudes (pro
or con) are based on emotion rather than information or rational argu
ment. People feel strongly about the death penalty, know little about
it, and feel no need to know more. Factual information (e.g., about de
terrence and discrimination) is generally irrelevant to people's attit
udes, and they are aware that this is so. Support for the death penalt
y has risen for most major felonies. Youth is seen as much less of a m
itigating factor than it was 35 years ago, but most people still oppos
e the execution of the mentally retarded. As crime rates have risen de
spite repeated promises by politicians to ''get tough on crime,'' the
death penalty has become an increasingly prominent issue in electoral
politics, suggesting that public opinion should be an issue of central
importance for research. We suggest that future research should focus
more explicitly on racial attitudes, on comparisons of the death pena
lty with specific alternatives, and on the emotional aspects of attitu
des toward the death penalty.