M. Juanico, LIMNOLOGY OF A WARM HYPERTROPHIC WASTE-WATER RESERVOIR IN ISRAEL .1. THE PHYSICAL-ENVIRONMENT, Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, 79(3), 1994, pp. 423-436
This paper deals with stratification in a small reservoir (50 000 m3 v
olume, 5.5 m depth) receiving wastewater with a BOD of 80 mg/l during
the winter in order to irrigate agricultural areas during the dry summ
er. The reservoir goes through three partially overlapping annual cycl
es: solar radiation, water temperature and reservoir operation. It pre
sents both permanent (deep) and ephemeral (shallow) stratification dur
ing the summer in spite of the strong breeze, due to both thermal and
biogenic chemical gradients. There are stratified and non-stratified w
astewater reservoirs in Israel. Stratification in hypertrophic impound
ments seems to depend also on parameters derived from the chemical com
position of hypertrophic waters. (e.g., turbidity, biogenic gradients,
wind/water friction coefficient, viscosity).