INTERACTIONS OF MERCURY(II), LEAD(II), CALCIUM(II), ALUMINUM(III) OR FERRIC(III)-NITRATE WITH SINGLE AND DOUBLE-CHAIN LINEAR ALKYLBENZENESULFONATE IN AQUEOUS AND SEA-WATER MEDIA

The solubility products of mercury(II) and lead(II) dodecylbenzenesulf onates were calculated on the basis of light scattering measurements a t 20-degrees-C to be (9.33 +/- 0.90) x 10(-13) and (1.03 +/- 0.10) x 1 0(-12) respectively. The investigations of precipitation phenomena per formed in diluted natural sea-water ([Cl-] = 10(-2) mol dm-3), includi ng tenside and added heavy metal ions, showed similar behaviour for al l metal dodecylbenzenesulfonates investigated in this work, i.e. the s ynergistic effect of tenside, of added electrolyte, and of cations and anions from sea-water. A comparison made by a statistical test of sig nificance, chosen to measure agreement between the estimates of the so lubility constants obtained in aqueous solutions and in the above ment ioned sea-water solution, showed a noticeable effect, evident particul arly in the case of mercury(II). The precipitation of tenside and meta l nitrates in natural sea-water ([Cl-] = 5 x 10(-1) mol dm-3) covers a wide concentration region of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (from high c oncentrations to 5 x 10(-6) mol dm-3) and from high metal nitrate conc entrations to very low. The microscopic textures of phases precipitate d in the systems with sea-water obviously confirmed favouring formatio n of the liquid crystalline phase.