This paper makes the case for developing accounts of economic activity
by placing such activity in its ambient cultural contexts. It is show
n that doing so provides the basis for credibly attributing significan
ce to economic acts and coming to terms with the belief structures eco
nomic agents employ, e.g., what they expect of each other, expect othe
rs expect of them, and so on. The role of culture systems as social or
chestrators is discussed. The implications of a context-sensitive expl
anatory approach for the commitment to view economic behavior as ratio
nal are considered. A wider conception of economic rationality is prop
osed.