Based on a national sample of 1,775 youths, the authors explored the r
elationship of labor market participation on delinquency. Consistent w
ith the limited existing research, the results revealed that working w
hile in school as measured by hours employed each week, increased deli
nquent involvement among high-risk males. These findings caution that
unless carried out carefully and in conjunction with other treatment m
odalities, delinquency prevention programs based on employment are lik
ely to be ineffective if not criminogenic.