This article discusses general time-domain modeling in electromagnetic
s, considering why time-domain modeling may be worth doing and some ch
oices to be made among the principle modeling approaches, and briefly
traces the evolution of present time-domain modeling. The steps involv
ed in developing and using a time-domain model are discussed as are so
me specific aspects of performing time-domain modeling using different
ial-equation- and integral-equation-based models. An in-depth discussi
on of more general issues that can arise in time-domain modeling is pr
esented. Finally, time-domain applications are characterized with resp
ect to computer requirements. A representative list of some available
time-domain software is also presented along with some concluding comm
ents.