Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to investigate the surface
of ultrafiltration and microfiltration ceramic membranes. The AFM has
been shown to resolve the feature of the gamma-Al2O3 selective skin l
ayer of ultrafiltration membranes providing information on both the si
ze and shape of the gamma-Al2O3 particles as well as the surface rough
ness of the skin. When applied to study alpha-Al2O3 microfiltration me
mbranes the AFM has been shown to yield results very similar to those
obtained by conventional scanning electron microscopy.