The role of light emission into waveguide modes of planar microcavitie
s is elucidated through the calculation of the emission characteristic
s in various structures. Discrepancies which exist in the literature a
re discussed in some detail for the most popular forms of half-wavelen
gth and full-wavelength planar microcavities which make use of dielect
ric Bragg reflectors. Particular emphasis is paid to the semiconductor
AlGaAs/GaAs microcavities. Recent experiments on spontaneous lifetime
changes in thin film semiconductor structures are also discussed. In
addition, a SiO2/Si structure containing active atomic emitters is con
sidered.