Microalbuminuria independently predicts the development of nephropathy
and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic pati
ents, but it may be an indicator of the acute phase response. This stu
dy examined microalbuminuria as a marker of the acute phase response i
n patients with inflammatory bowel disease and correlated it with the
disease activity in 95 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ulcer
ative colitis (n=52), Crohn's disease (n=43)) determined by the simple
index of Hawey and Bradshaw, Fifty patients were in complete clinical
remission and 45 patients had active disease. Microalbuminuria was de
tected in all patients with inflammatory bowel disease (147 (17) v 18
(2) mu g/min, inflammatory bowel disease v controls mean (SEM), p<0.00
7). Patients with active inflammatory bowel disease had higher concent
rations of microalbuminuria compared with patients in remission (206 (
19) v 65 (8) mu g/min, mean (SEM), p<0.0001). Eight patients with acti
ve inflammatory bowel disease who were sequentially followed up with m
easurements of micro-albuminuria had significantly lower values, when
the disease was inactive (active inflammatory bowel disease 192 (44) v
inactive inflammatory bowel disease 64 (14) mu g/min, p<0.03). There
was a significant correlation with the simple index of Harvey and Brad
shaw (r=0.818, p<0.0001). Microalbuminuria values were significantly l
ower in inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission, maintained w
ith olsalazine compared with those patients maintained with mesalazine
and salazopyrine, but no significant difference was seen in values of
microalbuminuria in active inflammatory bowel disease patients receiv
ing different salicylates. This study also measured serum amyloid-A as
an indicator of the acute phase response in the same patients. Serum
amyloid-A was significantly increased in active disease compared with
inactive disease (151 (43) v 33 (7) or controls 11 (2) mu g/ml, p<0.05
). In conclusion microalbuminuria is present in abnormal amounts in al
l patients with active inflammatory bowel disease, and values fall whe
n the disease is quiescent. Microalbuminuria is probably a consequence
of an acute phase response and provides a simple, rapid, and inexpens
ive test, which has the potential to monitor inflammatory bowel diseas
e activity and response to treatment.