M. Manninen et al., ODD-EVEN STAGGERING IN SIMPLE-MODELS OF METAL-CLUSTERS, Zeitschrift fur Physik. D, Atoms, molecules and clusters, 31(4), 1994, pp. 259-267
The odd-even staggering of free-electron metal clusters is studied usi
ng several simple models: Noninteracting electrons in a rectangular bo
x, triaxial harmonic oscillator, and Huckel model. Finite temperature
effects are studied using the Monte Carlo method. All the models show
qualitatively similar odd-even staggering. In the ground state the HOM
O-LUMO gap is larger than the neighbouring energy gaps. The reduction
of the odd-even staggering due to exchange and correlation is studied
using the local-spin-density approximation.