This study investigates the relationship between pet-ownership (dogs,
cats, small furry animals, birds) and emotional and social well-being
of children. The sample comprises 426 primary school children (4th gra
de). Controlvariables are ''gender'', ''family size'', ''housing condi
tions'', ''maternal support'' and ''pet ownership status'' as well as
''care taking'' and ''emotional interactions with the pet''. The resul
ts show that living with pets correlates slightly with childrens' soci
al well-being but not with their emotional stability. This effect is m
oderated by the quality of maternal support and has to be specified fo
r the different pet species. The discussion stresses the importance of
variables which moderate the outcome of the pet-child-interaction. Fu
rther longitudinal research is needed to clarify the cause-effect rela
tionship.