We report a case of spontaneous peritonitis due to Candida albicans, i
n a diabetic patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, ascitis, gastroin
testinal bleeding from esophageal varices, sepsis, renal failure and e
ncephalopaty. These factors, added to prolonged antibioterapy and inst
rumental manipulations, could have resulted in the colonization by Can
dida, usually described in secondary peritonitis, but perhaps under-di
agnosed in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous peritonitis and severe
multiorganic failure.