A 73-year-old man presented with dyspnea and atrial flutter associated
with an amyloid tumor in the heart. IgM-kappa gammopathy, hypercalcem
ia, and extensive cardiac and mediastinal invasion suggested a maligna
nt lymphoid or plasma cell process. Although amyloidoma is generally c
onsidered to be a benign tumor, the aggressive features of this case m
andated chemotherapy because the critical location rendered the tumor
inoperable. This case provides noteworthy evidence in support of a pos
sible pathogenic relationship between amyloidoma and plasmacytoma by v
irtue of dual representative features: localized amyloid infiltrated w
ith plasma cells and the associated gammopathy. Local and systemic mal
ignant features lend additional support to this hypothesis.