POSSIBILITIES FOR UNEXPLAINED CHRONIC ILLNESSES AMONG RESERVE UNITS DEPLOYED IN OPERATION DESERT-SHIELD DESERT-STORM

Because Armed Forces Reserve members, especially combat support units, were rapidly mobilized during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm, t hey were at higher risk for anxiety and stress-related disorders. Pers onnel in reserve units in the military force structure are at greater risk for psychologic stress due to rapid mobilization and demobilizati on, which allows minimal time to process adverse experiences or fears. The unexpected disruption of families and careers and resulting finan cial pressures are magnified in older age groups who have increased pe rsonal and family commitments. Personnel in combat support units are a t greatest risk when they lack necessary training, cohesion, and leade rship. Prevention efforts in reserve units should involve education re garding the potential for activation and associated disruption of fami ly and career plans, Support networks for reserve families should be e ncouraged, Additional training in an appropriate context regarding ris ks of biologic and chemical exposure, with the goal of developing conf idence in training and equipment, should be stressed. Finally, group p rocessing before demobilization and recall within 90 days of return to emphasize unit cohesion and readjustment to civilian life may be of b enefit.