Wh. Lee et al., CYTIDINE METHYLATION OF REGULATORY SEQUENCES NEAR THE PI-CLASS GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE GENE ACCOMPANIES HUMAN PROSTATIC CARCINOGENESIS, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Statesof America, 91(24), 1994, pp. 11733-11737
Hypermethylation of regulatory sequences at the locus of the pi-class
glutathione S-transferase gene GSTP1 was detected in 20 of 20 human pr
ostatic carcinoma tissue specimens studied but not in normal tissues o
r prostatic tissues exhibiting benign hyperplasia. In addition, a stri
king decrease in GSTP1 expression was found to accompany human prostat
ic carcinogenesis. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-GSTP1 antibo
dies failed to detect the enzyme in 88 of 91 prostatic carcinomas anal
yzed. In vitro, GSTP1 expression was limited to human prostatic cancer
cell lines containing GSTP1 alleles with hypomethylated promoter sequ
ences; a human prostatic cancer cell line containing only hypermethyla
ted GSTP1 promoter sequences did not express GSTP1 mRNA off polypeptid
es. Methylation of cytidine nucleotides in GSTP1 regulatory sequences
constitutes the most common genomic alteration yet described for human
prostate cancer.