We report a case of Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, occurring as sudden de
ath after two episodes of massive hemothorax, Autopsy revealed massive
hemothorax resulting from spontaneous rupture of one of three subpleu
ral arteriovenous malformations. Review of the patient's hospital reco
rds showed that she had had a massive spontaneous hemothorax 13 years
earlier that was managed conservatively. This case emphasizes the impo
rtance of early therapeutic (surgical or radiologic) intervention in t
he treatment of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.