Wetlands are key resources for both agriculture and grazing in the dry
lands of Africa. They are often central to local contests for control
and access. The article examines the struggle for control over wetland
resources in Zimbabwe by exploring means by which different local act
ors have made claims over dambo resources for both agriculture and gra
zing. The impact of the state, mediated through environmental legislat
ion, technical research, and development projects, is also examined. A
case study of resource management conflict is presented that highligh
ts the political and economic dimensions of wetland control for grazin
g use.