A model for the relaxation of thermal fluctuations is applied to the d
ynamical response of magnetic materials. Systems investigated include
paramagnets, spin glasses, and ferromagnets. The key feature which dis
tinguishes the model is that it describes the behavior of localized no
rmal modes (e.g., magnons), not barrier hopping or domain-wall motion.
Mathematical approximations to the model reproduce several previously
used empirical formulas, such as the stretched exponential, power-law
, and logarithmic time dependences, but the unapproximated model gives
generally better agreement with observed response. Data of sufficient
quality and range allow quantitative confirmation of all assumptions
of the model. The model provides a common physical basis for observed
magnetic after-effects, the magnitude and distribution of Landau-Lifsh
itz damping parameters, and 1/f noise.