Only recently has it begun to be understood how plants use the structu
ral diversity of oIigosaccharides to regulate important cellular proce
sses such as growth, development and defence. A characteristic feature
of these regulatory molecules is that they are biologically active at
extremely low concentrations. A central remaining question is how cel
ls perceive and transduce oligosaccharide signals, and current researc
h is aimed at providing the answer.