Experience with biofilters, acquired over many years, has made it poss
ible to control their operating parameters. The goal of this article i
s to present an assessment of operational biofilters, in particular th
eir air consumptions, their sludge productions, their energy balances
as well as the duration of their filtration cycles. Some tests, carrie
d out on medium to large full scale units, are described at the same t
ime as the process results. These experiences in the design and operat
ion of biofilters led to their optimization and make it possible to bu
ild very large scale installations. Examples of such plants, now being
built or started up, are also presented, treating flows in excess of
50 000 m(3)/d even for low nitrogen residuals.