Dynamical control with adaptive range coding eliminates fundamental sh
ortcomings found in earlier applications of range (course) coding whic
h used fixed partitioning. Adaptive range coding has the advantages of
efficient implementation, execution and generalization. With the adap
tive algorithm, region shapes are continually adjusted during operatio
n and will self-organize to reflect the global dynamics of the system
and the environment. The system progressively develops a control map r
elating environmental states, control actions, and future reinforcemen
ts.