Sw. Hadley et al., SYMMETRIZATION OF NONSYMMETRIC QUADRATIC ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS AND THE HOFFMAN-WIELANDT INEQUALITY, Linear algebra and its applications, 167, 1992, pp. 53-64
A technique is proposed to transform a nonsymmetric quadratic assignme
nt problem (QAP) into an equivalent one, consisting of (complex) Hermi
tian matrices. This technique provides several new Hoffman-Wielandt ty
pe eigenvalue inequalities for general matrices and extends the eigenv
alue bound for symmetric QAPs to the general case.