Proto-oncogene products participate in signaling processes that extend
from the cell surface to the nucleus. Recent investigations have focu
sed attention on the role that proto-oncogenes play in the proliferati
on, differentiation, and hypertrophic growth of cardiac myocytes. Such
studies suggest a cause-and-effect relationship between aberrations i
n proto-oncogene expression and abnormalities in myocyte growth and di
fferentiation.