CIGARETTE, ALCOHOL, AND COFFEE CONSUMPTION AND CONGENITAL-DEFECTS

We analyzed data from a survey of occupational and other factors and p regnancy outcome to assess the effects of cigarette, alcohol, and coff ee consumption. There was no evidence of an association between any co ngenital defect and smoking. Results for alcohol and coffee consumptio n were largely negative, but there was a weak association with musculo skeletal defects in babies born to women who drank one or more alcohol ic drinks a day.