It is proposed to apply ellipsoidal estimates that are optimal with re
spect to a generalized criterion (previously the volume of an ellipsoi
d was used as the criterion) for problems of estimating parameters and
states of systems with deterministic bounded disturbances. Such an ap
proach allows us to simplify calculation of explicit estimates and obt
ain less "elongated" ellipsoids. Methods for constructing an approxima
tion for the union and intersection of ellipsoids are presented. A tec
hnique for transition from ellipsoidal estimators to the interval ones
and vice versa is described.