RELATIONSHIP OF POSITION IN TREE TO BULK-DENSITY OF LOGS WHOSE VOLUMES WERE MEASURED BY WEIGHING WHILE IMMERSED

The authors determined the bulk density (green weight per cubic foot) for three species of logs in response to the need for information on w eights of log loads. Ten trees of 2 diameter classes (10 and 14 in.) o f red pine, northern red oak, and yellow-poplar were harvested and buc ked into four 10-foot logs. The logs were weighed and their volumes we re determined by weight difference while submerged in water. The resul ts indicate that bulk density values are significantly different by di ameter class, position in tree. and species. There was a significant i nteraction between species and position in tree. The highest bulk dens ity values were with the butt logs, but the lowest values were with th e second log for red pine, third log for yellow-poplar, and the fourth log for red oak. The log weight while immersed method of determining volume appears to be accurate, easy to use, and less expensive than th e displaced volume method or the fluid weight method.