Students in ATA Taekwondo schools were administered the 16 Personality
Factor Questionnaire. The students were divided into two groups of 15
persons each based on 0-1.4 yr. vs 1.5 + yr. spent in formal Taekwond
o training. From the 16 PF, scores on two second-order and one derived
factor were calculated for Anxiety, Independence, and Leadership. The
groups having longer Taekwondo training times scored significantly lo
wer on Anxiety and higher on Independence. Although Leadership scores
were higher for the longer trained group they were not statistically s
ignificant.