THE PERSONALITY-DISORDERS - A CRITICAL-REVIEW OF FAMILY, TWIN, AND ADOPTION STUDIES

The family, twin, and adoption studies of the DSM-III-R personality di sorders are reviewed. Most data concern the schizotypal, borderline, a nd antisocial personality disorders, where increased family risk has b een reported. Only antisocial personality disorder has so far shown co nvincing data for a genetic etiological factor. Most family studies in the field have used inadequate methodology, and methodological improv ement is a major issue of such studies in the future.