In recent years, the basis of metronidazole resistance has been examin
ed in anaerobic protozoa, such as Trichomonas and Giardia, as well as
anaerobic bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Clostridium. In this revie
w, Patricia Johnson looks at a variety of mechanisms that lead to redu
ced susceptibility of these pathogens to the drug The frequent correla
tion between metronidazole resistance and inefficient drug activation
suggests that this is the level at which drug resistance operates.