L. Chi et Rl. Kushwaha, A NONLINEAR 3-D FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SOIL FORCES ON CURVED TILLAGE TOOLS, Canadian agricultural engineering, 35(1), 1993, pp. 11-15
A three-dimensional non-linear finite element model was used to study
the effect of blade curvature on tillage tool draft. Two types of curv
ed tools were considered. The hyperbolic constitutive model was used i
n the analysis. The results from the finite element model show that th
e draft decreased with increasing curvature for a constant tool angle
at die soil surface, and increased with increasing curvature for a con
stant angle at the furrow bottom.