A. Hosoya et Sx. Ding, TOPOLOGY CHANGE BY TUNNELING IN SEMICLASSICAL EINSTEIN GRAVITY TIME SLICE IN (2-DIMENSIONAL TOY MODEL(1)), Classical and quantum gravity, 10(4), 1993, pp. 695-701
Previously, various examples of topology changing processes by quantum
tunnelling were demonstrated in the WKB approximation in (2+1)-dimens
ional Einstein gravity with negative cosmological constant. In the pre
sent work we explicitly show a specific continuation of the Euclidean
metric to the Lorentzian signature region.