Cb. Bargeron et al., OXIDATION MECHANISMS OF HAFNIUM CARBIDE AND HAFNIUM DIBORIDE IN THE TEMPERATURE-RANGE 1400-DEGREES TO 2100-DEGREES-C, Johns Hopkins APL technical digest, 14(1), 1993, pp. 29-36
Two ultra-high-temperature materials, hafnium carbide and hafnium dibo
ride, were oxidized in the temperature range 1400 to 2100-degrees-C. T
he two materials oxidized in distinctly different ways. The carbide fo
rmed a three-layer system consisting of a layer of residual carbide, a
layer of reduced (partially oxidized) hafnium oxide containing carbon
, and a layer of fully oxidized hafnium dioxide. The diboride oxidized
into only two layers. For the diboride system, the outer layer, mainl
y hafnium dioxide, contained several intriguing physical structures.