V. Milman et al., FREE-ENERGY AND ENTROPY OF DIFFUSION BY ABINITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS -ALKALI IONS IN SILICON, Physical review letters, 70(19), 1993, pp. 2928-2931
We have calculated the free energy of diffusion for lithium, sodium, a
nd potassium ions in crystalline silicon by combining a thermodynamica
l integration method with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Th
e entropy of diffusion is found to be negative, and its magnitude incr
eases with increasing atomic size of the diffusing species.