We describe a case of severe acute lung injury after attempted strangu
lation. The patient presented initially with cerebral irritability and
florid, non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema which were followed by a pro
longed period of the adult respiratory distress syndrome, severe sepsi
s and multiple system organ failure, although the patient eventually s
urvived. The pulmonary injury following strangulation is proposed to b
e a result of the generation of marked subatmospheric pressures within
the lungs during vigorous inspiration against an obstructed airway, a
lthough the processes involved in the so-called neurogenic pulmonary o
edema are difficult to exclude.