THE ENDOTOXIN RECEPTOR CD14

The knowledge about molecular mechanisms of endotoxin (LPS) recognitio n by cellular receptor CD14 and its consequences as well as the relati onship between soluble and membrane-bound receptor is reviewed. The bi nding of endotoxins to membrane-bound CD14 is mediated by special so-c alled LPS-binding serum proteins. The mechanism of signal transduction is not yet known. After activation by LPS, monocytes produce free oxy gen radicals, IL-1, IL-6, TNFalpha and other mediators. CD14 is presen t in normal serum as soluble receptor which can neutralize endotoxins in respect to their monocyte activating capacity.