Gh. Wentink et Tsgam. Vandeningh, ADVERSE-EFFECTS OF ORALLY-ADMINISTERED PRODUCTS CONTAINING CALCIUM-CHLORIDE IN CATTLE, Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde, 118(8), 1993, pp. 266-268
Two products containing calcium cloride were assessed for their causti
c effects on the mucous membranes of the stomach. The products, one a
gel and the other an oil emulsion, were used to prevent milk fever. Th
e gel was very caustic to the mucous membranes of the oesophageal groo
ve, omasum, and abomasum. In contrast, very few or no adverse effects
were observed with the oil emulsion.