On the basis of the anionic group theory, a new nonlinear optical crys
tal cesium triborate, (CsB3O5, CBO) was discovered. Single crystals of
CBO in centimeter size were grown from a stoichiometric melt. The tra
nsparent range of CBO covers from 170 to 3000 nm. The preliminary meas
urement of its second harmonic generation coefficient shows that its d
14 is approximately 0.468 X d11 (beta-BaB2O4). Its measured damage thr
eshold is as high as 26 GW/cm2 at 1.053 mum, 1.0 ns.